Sliding mode control (SMC) — sliding surface design (relative degree, manifold s=0), equivalent control, reaching law (constant rate, power rate, exponential), chattering reduction (boundary layer, super-twisting algorithm), higher-order SMC (HOSM), Lyapunov stability analysis, disturbance rejection, SMC for mechanical systems (position, velocity, force control), adaptive SMC, terminal SMC, and applications in robotics, power electronics, and automotive.
