Use when a service lacks proper metrics, logs, or traces and you want to add the three pillars of observability without over-instrumenting. Adds Prometheus metrics (RED method - rate, errors, duration), structured logging with correlation/request ids, and OpenTelemetry distributed tracing with context propagation across service and Kafka boundaries. Recommends the key SLI metrics and alert thresholds to watch. Trigger when the user asks to add metrics/logging/tracing, instrument a service, set up Prometheus/Grafana/OpenTelemetry, or debug why they have no visibility into production.