Subsea pipeline engineering — wall thickness design (DNV-ST-F101 pressure containment, collapse, combined loading), corrosion allowance and coating (FBE, 3LPE), on-bottom stability (Morison forces, concrete weight coating), pipeline expansion and buckling (upheaval, lateral), cathodic protection (Al-Zn sacrificial anodes), pipe-in-pipe (PIP) for flow assurance, wax/hydrate management, ECA (engineering criticality assessment), free spans, and installation methods (S-lay, J-lay, reel-lay).
