Hypothesis is a Python library for property-based testing: a test states a rule that must hold for all inputs, and Hypothesis generates hundreds of inputs, including edge cases, then reports the simplest one that breaks the rule. Use when a user asks to write property-based tests, fuzz a Python function, find edge cases, test a round trip such as encode and decode, write stateful tests, reproduce a failing Hypothesis example, or tune Hypothesis settings and profiles for pytest and CI.